Four sites with standing pillars, often in clusters or circles, which are estimated to be 8,000 years old, were constructed on the margin of a large freshwater lake in northern Kenya in the early Pliocene. Limited excavations of one of them showed abundant human remains associated with these monuments. GPR surveys were carried out within and around the pillars to map possible subsurface features. It was found that skeletal remains, associated pottery and many other artifacts are found within well-defined excavated areas that are about 1 meter or more in depth. The GPR analysis was used to calculate the area…

Very high frequency ground-penetrating radar (GPR) reflection data were collected and processed at Laetoli Site S, to connect an ancient hominid pathway that was uncovered in two excavations conducted in 2016. These footprints have been dated to about 3.6 million years ago and are likely those of Australopithecus afarensis. Profiles were collected 5 cm apart were frequency filtered to enhance specific wave frequencies of interest, and then manually interpreted using 2-D profile analysis. The depth to the prints was digitized and three-dimensional maps were produced, which display the still-buried prints between excavations. Artificial intelligence was used to compare models of…